Improvement in steam-valves for pumping and other engines



`SSImets-Sheel. E. COPE & J. R. MAXWELL.

STEAM VALVES FOR PUMPING AND OTHER ENGINES.

Patented Aug. 15, 1876.

NA FEI'EHS, PHOTD-LITNOGRAPHER, WASMINTDNl D C,

3 Sheets-Sheetz.

E. COPE &. J. R. MAXWELL.

STEAM VALVES Non PUNPING AND oTNEE ENGINES.

Patented Aug.15.1875,

g NVENTRS,

M /5 L., MKZ

.WITNESSES.

Ma/, .Z6 o@ W7 SSheets-Sheet3- E. COPE & J. R. MAXWELL.

-STEAM VALVES FOR PUMPING AND OTHER ENGINES.

N0.181,045. Patented Aug.15,1`876.

PATENT OFFICE.

i EZEA COPE AND .IAMEs E. MAXWELL, OE HAMILTON, OHIO.

- IM'PEOVEMLENTiN STEAM-VALVES FOR PUMPING AND OTHER ENGINES.

Specication forming part of Letters Patent No. 1S [,045, dated August 15, 1876; application filed May18,1874.

To ail 'whom it may concern:-

Be itknown that we,EZRA COPE and JAMES R. MAXWELL, ofthe city of Hamlton,.county of Butlerfand State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvemen tsin Steam- :Pumping and other Engines; and that the following is a full and correct description ofthe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the specication.

The nature of our invention consists,rst, 1n improvements upon the valve-gear of that class of steam-engines in which all external valve-gear is dispensed with, and the valves are actuated by steam taken from the main steam-cylinder; second, in the arrangement of ports for cushioning the main steam-piston. The essential features of our improvements upon the valve-gear of steam-engines'consist in the use of stationary pistons, upon which moves an auxiliary or valve-'movin g cylinder, which actuates the main slide-valve. The motion of this auxiliary, cylinder depends upon that of a piston-valve`, which we designate the master piston-valve, and which is actuated by steam taken directly from the main steamcylinder.' The construction and action of these parts will be more clearly seenas we proceedI with this description.

Figure l, Sheet 1,Fi`g. 6, Sheet 2, and Figs. 10 and 12, Sheet 3, are longitudinalsections through the steam-cylinder, piston, and valvegear. Figs.' f2, 7 andv 11 are transverse sections through the same parts. Figs. 3,9, and 15 are plan views of the valve-seat face, show- I steam.

A is the mainsteam-cylinder; B, the main A piston, and C the steam-chest. A A are the main steam-passages. These enter the main steam-cylinder at a short distance from its ends, so that the main piston, in passing over them, cuts oiftheexhaust, and isarrested in A its motion, independent of the reversing of the main slide-valve, upon a cushion formed by the remaining steam or vapor. Supplementary ports a and a, Figs. 1 and 3, extend to the ends of the cylinder, and serve to start the piston on its return stroke. Thus the piston is gradually arrested at the end of its stroke, and is slowly started on its return, so avoiding shock orjarin changingits direction.

The valve-gear (see Sheet 1) consists of two stationary heads, E E, separated by the rod E', which is held firmly" in position by the ends of the steam-chest U. The auxiliary heads E E are surrounded by a cylinder, D, which moves upon them, and actuates the main slidevalve D. Surrounding the stem E' is a tube, E, upon the ends of which are screwed lixed heads F F', forming a smaller cylinder within the main auxiliary cylinder, in which is a master or supplementary piston-valve, F. The main slide=valve D' is operated by the motion of the auxiliary cylinder D, which has a slight motion in excess of it, in order to open and close the ports t' and i, which supply high steam from the chest to move the auxiliary cylinder.

The passages a', a, and c c( convey steam from the main steam-cylinder to move the master-valve F. The motion of this mastervalveF brings the passages g and g alternately into communication with the port h, for the purpose of exhausting steam from the ends of the auxiliary cylinder D. The small passages e e and a a are continually open to exhaust steam from the ends of the master-valve F. Either one or both sets of these passages may be used. The auxiliary cylinder D is cushioned by the exhaust-port l1. in the mastervalve overrunning the ports g and g, and closing the exhaust of steam from the ends of the cylinder.

The lever L, shaft m, and handle a are for the purpose of moving the valves by hand. A pin, K, extends from the master-valve F, with which the lever L comes in contact. The

lever is forked in order to lessen the arc in placed springs for holding out' the packingrings. The pistou, as shown, is believed to be :iemand-We propose making it the suhjectpf =affutureapplication t'or Letters Patent;

Such being the principal features in the construction. the operation is as follows.: Allthe parts and ports beingin the position shown in the drawings, steam enters the steam-chest,

' and passes through the passage A, on the right, to the main cylinder, forcing the main piston `B to the loftunder and opens the small port a', which, by

`the position ot' theauxiliary cvlinder D, is in communication with passage G, steam from behind the piston passes through a' and c to ,u the left of the master-valve F, forcing itto the right. This brings port h into communication i left end F of the auxiliary cylinder, forces the L auxiliary cylinder D, and with it thepgmaini, ai slide-valve D', to theright. Steam is ,noivadl vm'itted, through the passage A', to ,theleft of )the main steam -cyl inder, and reverses'ithe stroke o f the piston B. When, o n its@ tu yst r'ohe, the piston B passes under anw/of A:the porta", which has been placed iin-(commu ftnication withV the passage c' by the mptgement of the auxiliary cylinder D to the right $te am from behind the piston will pass through'a'. and c'. to the right of the master-valve F,`.and the same operations as have been described I-^will ,be repeated in a reverse order, and so on' i yvhile steam is supplied. i Sheet 2 shows a modification of thepreced- .ing arrangement, diEering from it, as is the Q .casealso in the succeeding modification, only sin construction, the principle involved being i .in vall respectsithe same.

` The iixed pistons E E are substituted for I 'the xed heads EE. -The tube E" surrounding the stem E' is dispensed with. The auxiliary ,cylinder heads F' F' are placed at the ends l.of their cylinder D, outside of the pistons E E, between which 4the master-valveF- `Works n\lv,h ereas in the previous case the auxiliary cylinder-heads were within the fixed heads EE. The lpistons E E are grooved, so that `any steam which may ,leak from either side will .pass through these grooves to the small passages y y', and thence to the common exhaust B. These heads being thus changed itis necessary to cross the steam-passages 'i and i, Figs. 5 and 6, and carry them to opposite ends of theauxiliary cylinder, in order that itmay move in the right direction at the proper time. d In other respects the arrangements are similar.

Sheet 3 presents a modification of the pre- When the piston B passes vious arrangemeurtsn which ai masterfyalye V YThis chan-gnecessrtatsiotnmslignrcnnges in the construction. The master-valveF is` cylindrical in form, asin the preceding, but'is open at the ends,'and divided in the centerby. the-partition yE', i The augialiaryipistons E E' areitterb'to the' master'f'valve" F, while the auxiliary c nder D moves upon the' mastervalve F. "Dhefpassages "falid lvvhich"i cbmmunicate with a' anda" tofadlnit steam to move the master-valve, are "crossed in the valve-seat, and the masteryalue andauxiliary cylinder move in opposite directions. The

partition F is grooved around the stem of the l Vauxiliary piston, for the samey 'purpose as def` scribed in connectionvyvitmFig., 6, Sheetj 2.` Ports 'n and a' serve =;as continuous lexhausts from either Sido of the por tion. F, ood@ provent Vsteam 4from` f. rc'cumulatin g `o`l as to defeat tho ootion Lofthe nootoryolv, o oud e mi@ loogteooodfend der o Sooonil .tiiiioelileiiiib' when :the .maiu `piston cl will bo .onori eed 4.oor i1 laced i.'

the master-valve in niug.inthepassages hyd! ,l oon Loloood bythe toreilyste, y oily ,othor sorteo, froiio4 moving tho oifryelyoieiidoo 12o reinetho maioslid'o- A vo before ,ibo-moiii iiiiou F., and, rroooinebotweonzitondtho pislFito Vthe right.,

ion E.; forces ihoioeoto 1 This motion bringsftii iiiiisiifpor-t Ii, into oommuiiiooiion Wiihfthofroesoeo 9'; ood Siooin begins to oxhaustfrom the. riehtof the auxili-iiry cylinder D- i .Stoomlioir entering tholoft of the auxiliarycylinder,v `opens lthe port i, as has been shown, .and high steam passing through to thegleiftofithe auxiliary `cylinder presses between the head, E" ^and the kpiston aforoing tho.oiixiliiiryf-oylivf1ocand, oonso- `qooiltly, the.moiupslidoa'olvorto the loft. ,It lalso Presses onor thofoiroomfoionooof tho master-valve, keeping it in position, freefrom fluttering The mainislide-valvebeing reversed, ste a m is A a(knittedto thelmain cylinder to reverse the stroke of themanpiston.

We have described the master ,piston-valve as being used only fon exhausting steam from the ends o f ,the auxiliary;cy1i `uder. We do not confine ourselvestoifglthis,as ,bya slight F'untilthemaiipisto has iparsediunioraiiii:onoeosife'zoreoi"yahoo b or i hiwrroogomont of nous i. y `p. too" @has .modo itsfu1i. i. .trollo -llioiitom of thoionxili'ory pistons@ .and E' hose-Slight motionloiidwiso sufficient change in the construction steam can be supplied to one end -ofA the auxiliary cylinder l while it is being exhausted from the other end.

We have constructed engines which Worked inthis Way, dispensing'with the ports@ and i. In some cases these ports 13 and i may be en-A tirely dispensed with, and sinall high-steam admission-holes, continuously open to the ends of the auxiliary cylinder, substituted.

Having fully described the construction and operation of' our invention, what We claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The master piston-valve F, in combination with the auxiliary cylinderD, and the ports and passages a. a c c e e', substantially as described. u Y

2. The combination of the main slide-valve D', the movable auxiliary cylinder D, the stationary pistons E E', and the mast-er pistonvalve F, together With the portsand passages al alla 0 0,1 e7 el fa flv g1 9, ha hl: a 771 i, n? and n constructed and arranfed as and for the 1 EZRA COPE. JAMES E. MAXWELL.

Witnesses:

SAML. W. GREENE, RoBT. G. MCKINNEY. 

